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There has been a steady increase in the number of Japanese encephalits (JE) cases in the state of Assam, northeast India, between 2010-2014. In that time cases, have increased almost five-fold, rising from 154 to 744 reported annually; fatal cases have increased from 41 to 60 annually.
In 2009, JE was identified in half the districts of Assam, the infection is now reported from all districts. In the past, the JE season was considered to be mainly May-July, however, more recently cases have been reported as late as November. Global warming is thought to be having an effect on mosquito breeding as the warm weather can now last until October in Assam and farmers are growing more rice crops for longer, increasing ideal breeding conditions for mosquitoes.
The Assam government has announced measures to tackle JE, including more efficient monitoring of cases. The Chief Minister has requested procurement of testing kits for rapid diagnosis, adequate vaccines and medicines and intensive fogging in the affected areas.
(Via REUTERS - accessed 29/01/15)
Japanese encephalitis vaccine is sometimes recommended for travellers to risk areas of India, particularly during the high risk season. Bite avoidance measures are also recommended.
