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Dengue in Asia and the Pacific (Update 1)

06 September 2017

Dengue continues to be transmitted across Asia and the Pacific.

American Samoa has reported  182 confirmed cases from 1 January to 17 August 2017.

Australia has reported 695 laboratory-confirmed dengue cases between 1 January and 31 July 2017. Some of these cases are imported: in Australia, non-imported dengue occurs only in Queensland.

Cambodia has reported  1 604 suspected dengue cases from 1 January to 8 August 2017.

China has reported a national total of 503 dengue cases from 1 January to 31 July 2017, although Guangdong Province reports  171 cases to 23 August 2017. Hong Kong reported  its first  local case on 7 august 2017. Macau has reported 22 cases up to 22 August 2017.

Fiji has reported  2 395 dengue cases, including six deaths from 1 January to 4 August 2017.

French Polynesia has reported 22 dengue cases from 31 July to 13 August 2017.

India has reported more than 36 000 dengue cases, including 58 deaths from 1 January to 20 August 2017.

Indonesia has reported 37 cases in Papua (in the east of the country, bordering Papua New Guinea) from 1 January to 11 August 2017.

Laos has reported  5 740 dengue cases between 1 January and 4 August 2017.

Malaysia has reported almost 60 000 cases from 1 January to 5 August 2017.

Myanmar has reported  almost 15 000 cases, including 81 deaths betwwen 1 January and 22 July 2017.

Nepal has reported 10 dengue cases from 1 January to 27 August 2017.

New Caledonia has reported  4 479 dengue cases from 1 January to 22 August 2017.

Pakistan has reported  738 dengue cases (including 5 deaths) from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province from 1 January to 24 August 2017.

Palau has reported 440 dengue cases (including five deaths) from 1 January to 21 August 2017.

The Philippines has reported almost 44 000 cases (including 250 deaths) between 1 January and 1 July 2017.

Samoa has reported 30 dengue cases (including two deaths) from 1 January to 14 August 2017.

Singapore has reported 1 877 dengue cases from 1 January to 24 August 2017.

Sri Lanka has reported 144 000 suspected dengue cases (including 350 deaths) between 1 January and 25 August 2017. This is an increase of 39 000 cases since the previous CDTR on 28 July. About 44% of dengue cases are reported from the Western province.

Taiwan has reported  3 cases in Kaohsiung City between 1 January ND 3 August 2017.

Thailand has reported  more than 18 000 cases in 77 provinces from 1 January to 21 August 2017. This is an increase by 5 800 cases since 28 July.

Vietnam has reported  more than 90 000 dengue cases (including 24 deaths) between 1 January and 18 August 2017. This is an increase of nearly 40 000 cases since  28 July 2017. 

Advice for Travellers

Dengue is the second most common identified cause of febrile illness in returning travellers and the number of cases in travellers continues to increase. All travellers to endemic regions are potentially at risk of dengue fever and should be aware of this infection. Prevention relies on avoiding mosquito bites.

Aedes mosquitoes are particularly persistent and aggressive and bite between dawn and dusk.
Methods of bite avoidance include:

• Wearing long, loose, lightly coloured clothing to cover up the skin during the day.
• The use of insect repellent containing DEET applied to any exposed skin between dawn and dusk.
• When sunscreen and DEET are used together, DEET should be applied after sunscreen. The effectiveness of repellent reduces more rapidly than sunscreen, therefore, repellent may have to be reapplied on top of sunscreen.
• The use of permethrin, impregnated mosquito nets protects against early morning bites and should also be used when sleeping during the day.
• The use of air conditioning if available and/or mesh screening of windows and doors.
• Eradication of mosquito breeding sites around accommodation/home (e.g. open containers, old tyres or flower pots that may collect water).

Vaccine

There is no vaccine against dengue fever licensed in the UK.

At present the World Health Organisation (WHO) is trialling several candidate vaccines against dengue fever.

  • Dengvaxia®, developed by Sanofi Pasteur MSD, is the first vaccine to be licensed for the prevention of dengue.
    • It is a live, attenuated, recombinant, tetravalent vaccine approved for use in people 9–45 years of age living in highly endemic regions on a 3 dose schedule.
    • Prior dengue infection increases the efficacy of the vaccine; efficacy is reduced in populations with low previous exposure to dengue and may lead to increased rates of hospitalisation due to severe dengue.
    • Mexico, Costa Rica, the Phillippines and Brazil are the first countries to have granted marketing authorization for Dengvaxia®

For further information see Dengue Fever.